India’s Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying has made important strides in animal health. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre on Equines (ICAR-NRC Equine) has been designated as a World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for Equine Piroplasmosis. This recognition marks India’s commitment to improving its scientific and diagnostic capabilities in animal health.
Importance of the Achievement
The designation as a WOAH Reference Laboratory is a prestigious accolade. It demonstrates India’s adherence to international standards in research and diagnostics. This status enhances India’s reputation in global animal health. It also solidifies the country’s leadership in combating critical animal health challenges.
Equine Population in India
India is home to approximately 0.55 million equines. This includes around 0.34 million horses and ponies, 0.12 million donkeys, and 0.08 million mules. Major states with high equine populations include Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Haryana. Equines play a vital role in various livelihoods and industries across the country.
Role of ICAR-NRC Equine
As a WOAH Reference Laboratory, ICAR-NRC Equine will take on several key responsibilities. The laboratory will provide advanced diagnostic services. It will also share technical expertise and lead research initiatives on equine piroplasmosis. This role enhances India’s capacity for international collaboration in animal health.
Other WOAH Reference Laboratories in India
ICAR-NRC Equine is the fourth laboratory in India’s animal husbandry sector to receive this status. Other recognised laboratories include – – ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Disease, Bhopal (Avian Influenza) – Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bangalore (Rabies) – ICAR-National Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bangalore (PPR and Leptospirosis)
Future Announcements
The official designation of ICAR-NRC Equine will be announced at the 92nd WOAH General Session in May 2025. This event will mark an important milestone in India’s journey towards enhancing its animal health infrastructure.
About Equine Piroplasmosis
Equine piroplasmosis is caused by protozoan parasites such as Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. It affects horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras. The disease poses a serious threat to animal health and has important economic implications. In India, the seroprevalence rate ranges from 15-25%, with some high-risk areas reporting up to 40%.
Diagnostic Innovations
To combat equine piroplasmosis, DAHD has prioritised the development of advanced diagnostic tools. These include ELISA based on recombinant antigens, Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Tests, and PCR for antigen detection. Such innovations are crucial for early detection and control of the disease.
The disease can lead to severe economic losses. It affects equine productivity, health, and mobility. Restrictions on the movement and export of equines can further exacerbate these losses. Hence, establishing rigorous control measures is essential for protecting the equine industry.
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