Fishing crafts in India represent a diverse range of traditional and modern boats used by local fishermen across the coastal regions. These vessels are essential for the livelihood of millions and reflect the rich maritime heritage of the country.
In Kerala, the iconic “Vallam“ or dugout canoe is commonly used in inland waters. Made from single tree trunks, these crafts are lightweight and maneuverable, ideal for river and backwater fishing. Fishermen use simple nets and lines from these boats to catch various freshwater species.
Along the eastern coast, particularly in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, catamarans made of wooden logs tied together are prevalent. These stable crafts allow fishermen to venture into deeper waters for marine fishing. The design has remained largely unchanged for centuries, proving its effectiveness.
Modern fishing crafts have also gained popularity, with mechanized boats equipped with engines and modern fishing gear. These include trawlers in Gujarat and Maharashtra that can undertake longer fishing expeditions in the Arabian Sea. Despite technological advancements, traditional crafts continue to dominate due to their low cost and suitability for local conditions.
The construction of these fishing crafts involves skilled craftsmanship passed down through generations. Local woods like teak, sal, and mango wood are preferred for their durability and resistance to water. The maintenance and repair of these vessels provide employment to numerous coastal communities. |
